La pratica del calcio professionistico può portare a squilibri della forza muscolare?

  • José Carlos dos Santos Albarello Muscle Biomechanics Laboratory, Physical Education and Sports School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
  • Gustavo Henrique Halmenschlager Muscle Biomechanics Laboratory, Physical Education and Sports School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
  • Eduardo Favreto Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil.
  • Willian Fin Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil.
  • Mateus Ahlert Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil.
  • Cleiton Chiamonti Bona Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil.
Parole chiave: Asimmetria bilaterale, Rapporto I/Q, Estensori del ginocchio, Flessori del ginacchio, Coppia

Abstract

In questo studio, abbiamo confrontato i parametri di forza del ginocchio testati nei calciatori professionisti nelle stagioni preparatorie e competitive, separati da 12 settimane. La coppia massima degli estensori e dei flessori del ginocchio, il rapporto convenzionale tendine del ginocchio/quadricipite (I/Qcon) e l'indice di asimmetria bilaterale (AI) negli arti dominanti e non dominanti di 10 calciatori sono stati valutati utilizzando un dinamometro isocinetico. Il t-test accoppiato è stato utilizzato per confrontare tutte le variabili tra la stagione di preparazione e quella competitiva. È stato utilizzato un test t per un campione per confrontare I/Qcon e AI con medie teoriche definite rispettivamente come 0,6 e 10%. I risultati hanno mostrato un significativo miglioramento del torque di picco sul lato dominante sia per gli estensori del ginocchio (p=0,013) che per i flessori (p=0,003), mentre non vi era alcuna differenza significativa nell'arto non dominante. Per quanto riguarda I/Qcon, le squadre dominanti e non dominanti erano inferiori a 0,6 durante le stagioni preparatorie e competitive (p<0,001). L'IA era significativamente inferiore al 10% per gli estensori del ginocchio durante la stagione agonistica (p=0.001) e per i flessori del ginocchio durante la stagione preparatoria (p=0.005), senza differenze tra la stagione preparatoria e quella agonistica per gli estensori e flessori del ginocchio. Questi risultati indicano che la pratica del calcio professionistico aumenta potenzialmente le asimmetrie di forza tra gli arti inferiori, pertanto, il predominio degli arti inferiori dovrebbe essere considerato quando si progettano programmi di allenamento di resistenza e prevenzione degli infortuni per giocatori di calcio professionisti, così come si dovrebbe prestare particolare attenzione al rafforzamento del flessore del ginocchio muscoli.

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Pubblicato
2023-02-26
Come citare
Albarello, J. C. dos S., Halmenschlager, G. H., Favreto, E., Fin, W., Ahlert, M., & Bona, C. C. (2023). La pratica del calcio professionistico può portare a squilibri della forza muscolare?. RBFF - Rivista Brasiliana Di Futsal E Calcio, 14(59), 485-493. Recuperato da https://www.rbff.com.br/index.php/rbff/article/view/1301
Sezione
Articoli scientifici - Originali