Constant practice in motor skill stabilization and adaptation: use of different constant-variable structures with futsal players

Abstract

Futsal is the most practiced sport in Brazil, especially by the young population. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of learning and motor development of practitioners becomes essential to establish better teaching strategies, in order to provide athletes with a more efficient and dynamic learning. The understanding of this relationship is a very complex process, where it has been explained as a continuous and cyclical process, with a phase of stabilization of the movement and another of adaptation to the movement, generating new and different motor experiences. Moreover, it is necessary that this learning be done in a very specific way to the task performed by practicing in the "real world" of the modality practiced and that there is no unnecessary and exaggerated training or repetition of the motor task to be learned. The objective of the study was to analyze the "optimal" amount of constant practice in the learning of motor skills with ecological validity in Futsal players. A transversal study was carried out with 60 students between 9 and 10 years old, with previous experience in the Futsal of 3 months. The first experiment involved the folding of the ball in the table tennis, the second the stroke of the golf, the third, adapted, involved the kick to the goal with the ball in movement and the fourth the kick to the goal with the ball stopped, in fixed targets in the goal Descriptive analyzes of the data and comparisons between groups were performed through the unpaired t test or Mann-Whitney, according to data distribution. In closed movements, the hit percentage decreased as the distance to the target increased. In open movements, the best performance indices occurred during the adaptation phase. It is concluded that the previous experience had an impact on the participants' success rate. The constant practice, influences in the later performance during the adaptation of the movement, not being enough, however, in the random phase.