Perspectivas ecológica e cognitiva na tomada de decisão no futebol/futsal

  • Henrique Lamberty Porto Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Educação Fí­sica e Desportos, Brasil.
  • Fernando Copetti Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Educação Fí­sica e Desportos, Brasil.
  • Fábio Saraiva Flôres KinesioLab - Research Unit in Human Movement Analysis, Piaget Institute, Almada, Portugal.
Palavras-chave: Revisão, Recursos, Percepção visual, Processando informação

Resumo

O futebol é um esporte coletivo em que o desempenho competitivo foi analisado a partir de diferentes perspectivas teóricas para ser compreendido. Nesta investigação, buscou-se realizar uma revisão narrativa da literatura sobre a tomada de decisão no futebol e no futsal. Nossa narrativa investigativa revelou que existem duas perspectivas diferentes para descrever e explicar a tomada de decisão no futebol / futsal: uma abordagem ecológica e uma abordagem cognitiva. O primeiro sustenta que a tomada de decisão dos jogadores é sustentada pelos acoplamentos de percepção-ação, onde as decisões são sustentadas em interações contí­nuas entre o jogador e o contexto. Assim, os jogadores precisam explorar ativamente as informações contextuais do adversário e do colega de equipe do ambiente, como orientação postural, distâncias interpessoais, posições relativas, direção da linha de corrida e velocidade que especifica as possibilidades que o ambiente oferece para agir. Por outro lado, estudos sobre a abordagem cognitiva sustentam que o processo de tomada de decisão dos jogadores é sustentado pelo processamento da informação com ênfase no conhecimento prévio armazenado na memória. Assim, existe um centro de controle (cérebro) que comanda as ações, ou seja, as decisões são centradas nos jogadores e no que eles armazenam em sua memória. Assim, as decisões dos jogadores são sequenciais, hierárquicas e relacionadas à percepção visual, que está associada à capacidade do cérebro de processar e analisar informações em diferentes cenários. Nossa investigação revela que o presente estudo é o primeiro desenho de revisão narrativa a avaliar o processo de tomada de decisão no futebol, quanto às suas abordagens teóricas.

Biografia do Autor

Fábio Saraiva Flôres, KinesioLab - Research Unit in Human Movement Analysis, Piaget Institute, Almada, Portugal.

Licenciado e Bacharel em Educação Fí­sica; Mestre em Educação Fí­sica; Doutorando em Motricidade Humana.

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Publicado
2021-05-09
Como Citar
Porto, H. L., Copetti, F., & Flôres, F. S. (2021). Perspectivas ecológica e cognitiva na tomada de decisão no futebol/futsal. RBFF - Revista Brasileira De Futsal E Futebol, 12(50), 594-600. Recuperado de https://www.rbff.com.br/index.php/rbff/article/view/1025
Seção
Artigos: Edição Especial